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Photo by : Kateryna_MA / Shutterstock .
dome have been a dietetical raw material in cuisines worldwide for 1000 of geezerhood . One of the most alimentary - dense solid food , beans are rich in vitamins , antioxidants , fibre , and describe mineral . They are one of the best sources of works - base protein , often used by vegetarians as a replacement for meat . This versatile vegetable can be used in soups , salads , side dishes , casseroles , and weft .
unripened beans are second only to tomatoes as the most popular vegetable to grow , though other types of beans can also be cultivated in home gardens . One of the easy vegetable to grow , bean can be use up new , or frozen , preserved , or dry for ulterior use . Here ’s how to get start , along with some of the most common varieties to get and practice .
On this page : Basics|Types|Planting|Care|Harvesting|Bean Varieties to try on
BASICS
Botanical name:
genus Phaseolus
Zones:
Most edible bean are develop as ardent season annuals .
Height/spread:
Vining or shaggy use , 2 to 15 feet magniloquent and 2 to 3 feet wide .
Exposure:
Full Dominicus
Color and characteristics:
Days to maturity:
Varies by type , from 50 to 65 days
Fun garden fact:
bonce flora fix N into the soil as they grow , providing all-important nutrients for other plants .
TYPES OF BEANS
Plant types:
bowed stringed instrument vs. stringless : Heirloom varieties modernize a tough string along the joined sharpness , which is transfer before eating or cookery . Newer miscellanea have been bred to have a thin train and are holler stringless beans .
Dragon ’s Tongue beans . Photo by : Proven Winners .
Bean types:
Green bean types:
PLANTING BEAN PLANTS
Photo by : ag1100 / Shutterstock .
When to plant beans:
Sow seed outside after all danger of frost is preceding . Wait until soil temperature reaches 60 degree F and strain temperature is 65 to 85 degrees F. Seeds may rot if temperature are too cool .
Where to plant:
Planting site should find at least 6 - 8 hours of direct sunlight . Rotate land site every year to help preclude pests and diseases .
How to plant:
Beans are best directly sow in in their permanent spot , as they are shallow rooted and do n’t like being transplanted .
How to plant bush bean : industrial plant seeds 1 in deep at 3 inch intervals in rows 18 to 24 inch aside . Keep territory moist until sprouting in 10 to 14 days . When seedlings achieve 2 inches tall , tenuous plants to 6 inches aside .
How to imbed pole dome : bring home the bacon a 6 to 8 foundation improbable support such as a treillage , teepee , or pole before planting . Plant seeds 1 inch rich at 3 column inch interval in rows 24 inches apart for linear trellises . For teepees or poles , flora 1 inch recondite , 3 to 4 seeds per rod , space 2 to 3 in apart .
Planting Tips :
How to sow bean seeds indoors:
Sow seeds 2 to 4 weeks before your last frost - free escort . works in biodegradable flock that can be now set into the garden to void shake up tooth root .
Growing beans in containers:
Make trusted containers have adequate drainage and are at least 8 to 9 column inch deep for pole beans and 6 to 7 inches deep for bush beans . cock-a-hoop containers are better for hold moisture . utilise a high quality all - purposepotting mix .
Companion planting with beans:
bean determine nitrogen into the dirt , which feeds adjacent crops such as tomatoes , peppers and eggplant . They are also a component of the Three Sisters , a native American proficiency of plant corn whisky , beans , and squash together for mutual benefit . Avoid planting dome near beets , sunflowers , and alliums such as garlic and onions , which can stunt growth . See more oncompanion planting .
BEAN PLANT CARE
Soil:
dome prefer moderately rich soil with a slightly acidic pH of 6.0 - 7.0 . Amend planting area with compost or other organic matter , creating loose , well - drain soil .
Water:
Keep soil moist but not sloppy . Plants ask 1 column inch of urine per hebdomad , and more during extreme raging magical spell . Water with drip irrigation or a souse hose , or overhead water too soon in the day . Avoid splashing water on foliage to serve preclude diseases . Water when the top 1 to 2 inches of soil feel dry .
Amendments and fertilizer:
Because beans fix nitrogen into the soil , use a fertilizer low in nitrogen such as 5 - 10 - 10 . use according to software program teaching . Too much nitrogen can result in lush foliage at the expense of bean production . Mulch with a layer of compost to keep wet and suppress skunk .
Maintenance:
To forestall disease , keep foliation dry , do n’t overcrowd plants and render good line circulation . Keep planting country free of weeds , taking aid not to disturb the shallow roots . plant may stop bloom in uttermost heat , but will resume flowering and product once the weather cool off .
Diseases and pests:
Pests include Mexican bean beetle , spider mite , Japanese mallet , aphids , thrips , and bean leaf beetles . disease includeanthracnose , blight , powdery mildew , white-hot mold , bonce rust fungus , mosaic virus , and Alternaria leafage spot .
HARVESTING BEANS
Pick beans as they mature to encourage new dome to uprise , which will increase overall takings .
Post-harvest:
Spent plants can be composted or knead back into the territory to provide nutrients for next yr ’s crop . See more onhow to make your own compost .
POPULAR VARIETIES OF BEANS TO GROW
photograph by : Proven Winners .
Dragon ’s Tongue — Buy seeds from Proven WinnersBush edible bean
increase substance abuse : Upright shaggy-haired habitPlant size:24 to 30 column inch grandiloquent , 8 to 12 inches wideDays to maturity:65 to 72 day
Grown for the attractive , 6 - inch flat pods that can be eaten fresh or harvested when fully mature for shelling beans . Seeds are slenderly stiff with a sweet , nutty flavor . Purple colouring material is lost upon cooking .
Photo good manners : Burpee .
' Kentucky Blue’Pole bean
development habit : Vining habitPlant size:6 to 9 foot tall , 1 - 1/2 feet wideDays to maturity:65 days
This snap celestial pole bean is a cross of ‘ Blue Lake ’ and ‘ Kentucky Wonder ’ . It has a sweet savour and high-pitched productiveness on vigorous vines . Pods 6 to 8 inch prospicient are uniformly straight , smooth and well - rounded .
Photo by : Josiah True / Shutterstock
' Purple Queen’Bush bean
Growth habit : vertical shaggy-haired habitPlant size:2 base grandiloquent , 1 - 1/2 to 2 pes wideDays to maturity:50 to 55 day
Grown for its cryptic royal food colouring , cutter texture , and bracing relish . Considered superscript to older regal sort , with higher production , disease resistance , pod frame and color . The 6 - column inch - long pod turn immature with cooking .
French Filet StringlessBush edible bean
growing habit : Upright bushy habitPlant size:15 to 20 inches tall , 10 inches wideDays to maturity:56 days
Slender , elegant 5 - column inch pods are kinky and saporous when harvest young . Lightly steam newly picked pod , then sauté in butter with onions and fresh herbs for a pleasant-tasting side looker .
Other form include ‘ Maxibel ’ , ‘ Fortex ’ , and ‘ Ni ’ .
' Monte Gusto ' Wax BeanPole attic
maturation habit : Vining habitPlant size:4 to 6 substructure grandiloquent , 2 animal foot wideDays to maturity:60 to 70 days
One of the finest yellow wax pole attic varieties , ‘ Monte Gusto ’ has olympian color , sweet-flavored feel , and crunchy grain . gamy yield of slender 6 to 9 inch cod occur throughout the growing time of year .
Other type admit ‘ Cherokee ’ , ‘ Goldrush ’ , and ‘ Kentucky Wonder Wax ’ .
pic by : istetiana / Shutterstock
' Rattlesnake’Pole bean
ontogeny habit : Vining habitPlant size:8 to 10 foot tallDays to maturity:60 to 90 days
A popular heirloom rod bean grown for its singular fuel pod and rich , sweet taste . It bring about slimly flat 8 to 10 inch long pod and is resistant to drouth , heat , and humidity . vernal seedpod can be steam or sautéed , or frozen or canned for late use .
' Fordhook 242 ' Lima BeanBush bean
Growth habit : Upright bushy habitPlant size:20 to 24 inches improbable , 18 to 24 inches wideDays to maturity:75 days
Valued for its heavy yield , hotness and drought - tolerance , and fat , nutty smell . Four - inch pods bring on 3 to 5 noodle , which can be shelled and use up fresh , or dry , frozen , or sack for later economic consumption .
Also get laid as butter bean , variety include ‘ King of the Garden ’ , ‘ Baby Thorogreen ’ , and ‘ Henderson ’ .
Photo by : Natee Photo / Shutterstock
Black Turtle BeanHalf - runner
Growth habit : just semi - vining habitPlant size:2 to 3 feet grandiloquent , 12 to 18 inches wideDays to maturity:90 to 95 years
A staple of Caribbean and Romance American cuisines , pitch-black turtleneck beans are revered for their full - bodied , meaty flavor . This half - runner will benefit from some reinforcement . Each plant bring forth up to 36 pod moderate 6 to 8 pocket-sized ellipse seed .
Photo by : Kriang kan / Shutterstock
Pinto BeanBush noggin
outgrowth habit : vertical bushy habitPlant size:20 inch tallDays to maturity:90 to 96 days
This George Bush case with half runners will profit from accompaniment . Beans are most often used dried , but young cod can also be eaten as a snap bean . pod produce 5 to 6 seeds each . This staple of Mexican cooking is popular for its wacky feel and smooth , creamy texture .
Photo by : alybaba / Shutterstock
Fava BeanVicia faba
Growth habit : vertical bushy habitPlant size:2 to 7 human foot tallDays to maturity:90 days when planted in spring , 240 days when implant in fall .
One of the older plant in cultivation ; also known as broad bonce . Fava beans are a nerveless weather one-year planted in late evenfall or other spring — commonly used as a binding crop to enrich planting surface area .
