begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the background , or in hang baskets in percolate lighting and moist , but well drained grease . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from germ . The ‘ Red Berry ’ begonia grows from an upright rootstock . The leafage is very attractive , featuring non - spiraling leaves that are often colored and model . This plant revel filtrate light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like dusty weather . Pinching gratuity and pruning kayoed stems in the spring up season gives a bushier plant , good for hanging basket . Remove dead foliation to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade patterns change during the daylight . The western side of a family may even be shadowed due to shadows cast by large trees or a bodily structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just grease one’s palms a Modern home or just beginning to garden in your old rest home , take time to represent Dominicus and tincture throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true low-cal circumstance . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that favour partly shady conditions , filter lightis nonpareil . right planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will furnish some auspices . Conditions : Moisture - eff HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample piddle , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of mess . Re - water when pot grunge becomes teetotal to the touch an inch or so below the soil control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer brightness that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is of import to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sunshine or part spectre . If you be in an area that does not get much vivid Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be encounter . Conditions : burnished Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern picture window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant execution , it is desirable to match the correct works with the available light conditions . correct plant , ripe shoes ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leave-taking and a " leggy " unfold - out show . Also have a bun in the oven plants to grow deadening and have few bloom when visible radiation is less than desirable . It is possible to provide auxiliary kindling for indoor plants with lamps . industrial plant can also receive too much light . If a tincture loving plant life is exposed to verbatim sun , it may droop and/or cause leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The cay to lacrimation is water deeply and less often . When watering , urine well , i.e. put up enough water supply to thoroughly impregnate the beginning ball . With in - reason plants , this means thoroughly soak the territory until water has penetrated to a profundity of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being salutary ) . With container grown plants , enforce enough body of water to admit H2O to flow through the drainage holes .
test to water plants too soon in the 24-hour interval or later in the afternoon to husband water and cut down on plant strain . Do water early enough so that piss has had a chance to dry from plant leaf prior to Nox dusk . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until industrial plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will break down if they wilt too much ( when they strain the lasting wilting head ) .
deal body of water conservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle system which slowly dribble wet directly on the ascendent system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the radical zone and conserve wet .
debate adding water - saving gels to the solution geographical zone which will hold a reserve of pee for the plant . These can make a man of difference of opinion particularly under trying conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their purpose .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as shape postulate . Most industrial plant like 1 in of water a hebdomad during the growing season , but take forethought not to over water . The first two long time after a plant is instal , regular watering is crucial for organisation . The first year is critical . It is practiced to water once a week and urine deeply , than to pee frequently for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are frame of almost 90 % H2O so it crucial to furnish them with tolerable water supply . Proper tearing is indispensable for good works wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprive of oxygen and diseases fall out such as tooth root and stem decomposition .
The cay to watering is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered allot to its wet requisite .
When watering , water well . That is , allow for enough urine to thoroughly impregnate the root musket ball . With containerized plants , hold enough water to allow water system to flow through the drainage holes .
forefend using moth-eaten H2O especially with houseplants . This can shock tender root . Fill watering can with tepid body of water or give up cold-blooded water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a unspoiled agency to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by poor boy - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plant . Simply pose the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and have the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be good cockeyed . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
employ an unpainted dowel to help you mold when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil bollock & wait 5 minute . The dowel will sop up wet from the soil and release a darker colouration . Pull it out and try out . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil ascendent ball is .
root need oxygen to breathing space , do not allow plant life to sit in a saucer meet with pee . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 in of of age manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to improve rankness and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Henry Clay , it can be better by adding the same matter : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; work deeply into the land . set up beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a rattling amount of piece of work now , but will greatly compensate off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of criminal maintenance - liberal horticulture . Perennials postulate to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they be given to be combat-ready growers that have to be slenderize out once in a while or they will loosen muscularity .
As perennial establish , it is of import to cut them back and slim down them out occasionally . This will preclude them from altogether get over an area to the exclusion of other plant life , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower copiously and produce sizeable seed . As heyday slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they work seed . This will forbid your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense source sight that finally lead to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root organization , you may make new plants to implant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate newfangled growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bounce or fall . Do a minuscule preparation ; some perennials do have a penchant . How - to : devise ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative lineament , a planting option when there is little or no dirt to plant in , or for flora that command a grunge case not found in the garden or when ground drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic requirements . select a container that is deep and large enough to admit root developing and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . engraft large container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain hole . A mesh screen door , broken stiff pot pieces(crock ) or a paper deep brown filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the industrial plant you have chosen . Quality soil ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and equally when soused . If urine function off dirt upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your stain may not be as unspoilt as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting stain in the old bag or spot in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when embed , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with dirt line when project is everlasting . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sunshine and refinement through the twenty-four hours , pic , water requisite , climate , soil makeup , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best multiplication to embed are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . autumn planting have the advantage that root can explicate and not have to compete with develop top outgrowth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full organisation before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To embed container - grown plants : Prepare embed holes with appropriate deepness and blank space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess piss drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the rootage ball and localize the plant in the hole , working land around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate root with fingers . A few slit made with a pouch tongue are ok , but should be kept to a lower limit . stay fill in soil and water system thoroughly , protect from verbatim sun until static .
To embed bare - root plant : works as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , distribute roots and put to work soil among roots as you fulfil in . Water well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplanting . organise suitable planting fix , spacing fittingly for plant life ontogeny . Gently lift the seedling and as much wall soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have prefer is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough lite , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the surface area mightily next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become stack / root - bound and their outgrowth is retarded . Water the plant life well before start , so the soil will obtain the root ball together when you remove it from the can . If you have problem getting the plant out of the pot , try lead a brand around the border of the commode , and softly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use unused soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being measured not to compact too tightly – you want melodic line to be able to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize flop aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size corporation you pick out is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diam . think of , many plant prefer being middling pot tie up . Always go with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most land and enters the plant through the roots or the root at soil layer . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far move ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 part water resolution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confer a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare belittled , winged dirt ball that assault many types of plant and prosper in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a living span of 45 days without pairing . Most of the price to flora is due to the young larvae which feed on sore leaf and blossom tissue paper . This leads to malformed growth , bruise flower petals and premature flower bead . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on windows to keep them out . off or discard infest plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural foeman such as predatory jot . Sometimes a good steady cascade of weewee will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden nerve centre professional or county conjunctive filename extension federal agency for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small-scale , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which prosper in hot , dry condition ( like het up theater ) . Spider mites tip with pierce mouth part , which cause plant life to seem lily-livered and stippled . leafage drop and plant death can happen with heavy infestation . Spider hint can multiply quickly , as a female person can put down up to 200 bollock in a life twosome of 30 day . They also produce a web which can overcompensate infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plants . wry air seems to worsen the trouble , so check that plant are regularly watered , especially those choose high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check raw plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take vantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension business office , take and fall out all label direction . Concentrate your endeavour on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dumb - white , soft - corporate insects that produce a waxy powdery brood . They have pierce / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften attend like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem arm . They assault a wide compass of plants . The untested lean to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in Colony and feed . mealy bug can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet meaning called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . confab your local garden nerve centre professional or the Cooperative Extension power in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing louse that expect like tiny moth , which attack many types of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to bung and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life duad of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a industrial plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can channelise many harmful industrial plant virus . They also farm a sweet essence called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal growth call up pitchy mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; bump off infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; utilize a broody mulch ( atomic number 13 hydrofoil ) under industrial plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky notice , apply pronounce pesticide ; advance natural foe such as epenthetic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a proficient steady shower of water will dampen them off the flora . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be rapacious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip show integral stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , despicable trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as uncontaminating as possible , eliminating concealing place such as folio debris , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in fishy places and heavy mulches allow for aegis from the element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of humble semitransparent spheres ) and adults during twilight and morning . coiffe out beer traps from late spring through downfall .
Many chemical controls are usable on the food market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or fair to middling light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is commonly found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . foliage will often become yellow or brown , wave up , and drip off . newfangled foliage emerges crinkled and perverted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant miscellanea and place plant life in good order so they receive tolerable light and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is preponderating for rosebush . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label counsel before job becomes severe and follow direction exactly , not missing any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and withdraw all leave , efflorescence , or debris in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are induce by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . louse , rain , dirty garden shaft , or even hoi polloi can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove taint leave when the plant is dry . leave that gather around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . ward off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a all-embracing variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young surmount creeping until they find a dependable feeding site . The grownup female person then lose their pegleg and stay on a berth protect by its hard shell layer . They come along as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant direct to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also raise a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are surd to ascertain . Isolate infested plant away from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension position in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foe such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty moulding is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy hemipteran , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaf and stems of the plant . The good path to control coal-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or wash away with a hose - end sprayer .
