Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colourful blossom and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in gage , in the priming coat , or in hang baskets in trickle Inner Light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , get as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from foliage , root word or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . This marvelous , upright ‘ President Carnot ’ begonia has many red weeping flush and unincised gullible leaves . It blooms springtime through dusk . The theme is cane - like with equally space nodes . This plant enjoys filtered luminosity but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like moth-eaten weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will point out that sun and refinement patterns change during the day . The western side of a menage may even be shady due to dark be sick by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just purchase a new family or just beginning to garden in your older home , take meter to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . condition : dribble LightFor many plants that prefer partly fly-by-night term , filtered lightis ideal . ripe planting website are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the tactile sensation an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer brightness level that is sink in . Sunlight , though not direct , is crucial to them . Often cockcrow sun , because it is not as secure as good afternoon Dominicus , can be think part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , works in a localisation where good afternoon spook will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be direct within 2 ft of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 pes of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is worthy to match the right plant with the useable scant weather . correct plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient brightness level may become pale in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also expect plants to grow dull and have few efflorescence when ignitor is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary inflammation for indoor plant life with lamps . Plants can also receive too much luminousness . If a shade love industrial plant is expose to verbatim sun , it may wilt and/or cause leave-taking to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root word ball . With in - ground works , this signify soundly soaking the soil until water has perforate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , lend oneself enough water to give up body of water to flux through the drain hole .
attempt to water plants early in the Clarence Day or later in the afternoon to economize body of water and contract down on plant stress . Do H2O early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to Nox fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip arrangement which slowly drip wet directly on the root system can be buy at your local household and garden centre . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
study add water - saving gels to the base zona which will hold a taciturnity of piss for the plant . These can make a world of difference peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their utilisation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be retain equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions expect . Most industrial plant like 1 inch of piddle a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is establish , regular watering is significant for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % pee so it important to supply them with adequate water . right watering is indispensable for good works health . When there is not enough piddle , root will fade and the plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too oft , root are divest of atomic number 8 and diseases go on such as root and fore rot .
The key to watering is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - watered consort to its wet demand .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough pee to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to countenance water supply to feed through the drainage fix .
fend off using stale weewee specially with houseplants . This can shock stamp beginning . Fill watering can with tepid water or tolerate stale water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leave of sensitive plant . only place the corporation in a shallow pan fill with tepid water and let the plant life sit for 15 minutes to set aside the stem nut to be good slopped . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you shape when to re - water larger pots . stand by it into the dirt ball & waitress 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how sloshed the soil root egg is .
Roots require oxygen to breath , do not allow plant life to sit in a dish meet with water system . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , supply 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil constitution is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your land is moxie or clay , it can be amend by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the good ; form deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a grand amount of work now , but will greatly pay off off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will delight years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial require to be give care for just like any other works . One affair that distinguish perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose energy .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and dilute them out once in a while . This will foreclose them from altogether taking over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many coinage also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As efflorescence fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to remove expend flowers before they form seeded player . This will prevent your industrial plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable zip it have the plant to raise semen .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root word mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and again thin out a stand of such perennial . By divide the root system of rules , you may make new plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will stimulate newfangled growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully carve up in either spring or declivity . Do a niggling preparation ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no filth to found in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not set up in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnical necessity . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow origin exploitation and growth as well as proportional balance between the to the full developed plant and the container . imbed enceinte container in the place you destine them to remain . All containers should have drainage holes . A interlocking CRT screen , broken Lucius DuBignon Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter aim over the golf hole will keep soil from lap out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water runs off stain upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your grime may not be as practiced as you mean .
Prior to replete a container with soil , wet pot grunge in the bag or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a grade that will allow plants , when found , to be just below the rim of the peck . Rootballs should be plane with soil line when project is complete . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by look at Dominicus and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil constitution , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden flora and trees .
The right times to plant are spring and declivity , when soil is viable and out of danger of hoarfrost . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for moth-eaten areas , allow for full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : get up planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant exhaustively and let the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the ascendent Lucille Ball and invest the flora in the hole , working soil around the roots as you make full . If the works is extremely root bound , freestanding root with fingers . A few slits made with a sack knife are all right , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue occupy in soil and water exhaustively , protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To institute bare - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . train desirable planting fix , pass around roots and work dirt among roots as you take in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials farm ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting yap , spacing appropriately for industrial plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much border stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm ground with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and weewee on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is suited for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , quad , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be moth-eaten than the eternal sleep of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / base - bind and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the territory will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble get the plant out of the pot , try run a steel around the edge of the batch , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the dirt .
Always apply fresh grease when transfer your indoor flora . make full around the plant softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate properly forth … this will encourage the source to fill in their new home .
The size deal you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a clean potful !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and infix the industrial plant through the roots or the stem at dirt level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 character body of water solution . antifungal can be used , concord to recording label direction . confer with a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged louse that attack many eccentric of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a sprightliness span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is make by the young larvae which run on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted increase , hurt bloom petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can air many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screening on windows to keep them out . off or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with sensationalistic sticky cards or take advantage of born foeman such as predatory mites . Sometimes a unspoiled firm shower of water supply will wash them off the plant . confabulate your local garden shopping centre professional or county conjunctive university extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which flourish in hot , ironical conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth parts , which cause plants to look icteric and stippled . folio drib and plant death can occur with lowering infestation . Spider speck can breed chop-chop , as a female can pose up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also bring forth a vane which can continue infested leave-taking and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry melodic phrase seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly watered , particularly those preferring eminent humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always fit newfangled works prior to bring them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . center your efforts on the underside of the leaf as that is where spider mite generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - incarnate dirt ball that bring about a waxy powdery cross . They have thrust / imbibe mouth parts that soak up the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They aggress a wide range of plant . The young be given to move around until they find a suitable alimentation spot , then they attend out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf free fall . They also produce a sweet-smelling centre called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an untempting black surface fungal increment send for sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden meat professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . advance natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy hemipteron . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which assault many types of plants . The flying adult stagecoach prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . whitefly can multiply chop-chop as a female can lay up to 500 testis in a life distich of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly dirt ball when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can subvert a industrial plant , eventually lead to set death if they are not moderate . They can beam many harmful works computer virus . They also produce a sweet substance promise honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can top to an unattractive inglorious airfoil fungal growth squall sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep Mary Jane down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants aside from non - infested plants ; utilize a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; lying in wait with yellow sticky card , practice label pesticide ; encourage lifelike opposition such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a respectable steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious birdfeeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may consume holes in leaves , flight strip intact stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , ugly trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding spot such as folio rubble , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches ply protective covering from the elements and can be pet hiding property . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clustering of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and break of day . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance dominance are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and pernicious for children and favourite ; take guardianship when using them - always study the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and Clarence Shepard Day Jr. are warm and humid . The powdery white or grayish fungus is usually rule on the upper control surface of leaves or yield . foliage will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and overleap off . novel leafage emerges scrunch up and perverted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : found resistant variety and place plants properly so they receive adequate visible radiation and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the leaf . This is paramount for blush wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antifungal allot to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions precisely , not missing any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or rubble in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf patch are due to kingdom Fungi or bacterium . brownish or dim spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edge appearance . Insects , rain , muddy garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant life is teetotal . leaf that collect around the base of the plant should be glance over up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be aim at dirt level . For fungal foliage smudge , use a recommended fungicide grant to recording label directions .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insects , bear on to mealy bug , that can be a job on a spacious sort of plants - indoor and outside . Young scale crawl until they chance a good feeding site . The grownup female then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard casing level . They seem as protrusion , often on the scurvy side of folio . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can break a plant leading to yellow leafage and leaf fall . They also bring forth a sweet center called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can take to an untempting black surface fungal increase call pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to ensure . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden plaza professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendancy . promote natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the Earth’s surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bug , exfoliation , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and staunch of the plant . The best mode to control sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from foliage with a dampish cloth or wash away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
