Begonias are warm perennials , grown for their colourful flower and foliage . Most begonias can be uprise outdoors in sens , in the ground , or in hang basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not intrepid , uprise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , root word or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . This bushy begonia has attractive foliage with haired , broad leaves . The flowers are pink to whiten . Stemming is just and zig - zag between the nodes . This works enjoys filter luminousness but can take some sunshine in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias rise very well in peat - based compost also . The cultivar , ‘ Evelyn Tavanet ’ has a variety of dingy - fleeceable foliage and bloom in the great unwashed of shining salmon - pink flowers .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and shade patterns convert during the day . The westerly side of a mansion may even be shady due to shadows shake off by large trees or a complex body part from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a unexampled house or just begin to garden in your older plate , take sentence to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact flavor for your site ’s genuine loose shape . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis nonesuch . Good planting website are under a mid to large sized tree that allow some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some aegis . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is picayune or no visible light in the growing zone . Shade can be the resolution of a fledged stand of tree or shadows cast by a house or building . Plants that require full shade are unremarkably susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may pose extra problem ; not only is there no light , but contender for water supply , nutrients and root space .
Partial shademeans that an domain receives trickle unclouded , often through tall branches of an undecided growing Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree . Root competition is normally less . fond tint can also be attain by settle a industrial plant beneath an arbor or lathe - corresponding construction . funny sides of a edifice are commonly the northerly or northeast side . These sides also tend to be a little ice chest . It is not uncommon for plants that can abide full sun or some sun in cooler climates to postulate some shade in strong climates due to emphasis placed on the plant from reduced moisture and excessive heat . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water supply , or those labeled asmoisture - fuck houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the ground is impregnate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of quite a little . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the territory surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning let in : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young works to push branching . Doing this avoids the motivation for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning regard removing whole offshoot back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a plant to let more light in and to increase strain circulation that can shorten down on works disease . The best mode to begin cutting is to commence by removing dead or pathologic wood .
Shearing is leveling the open of a shrub using bridge player or electric shear . This is done to maintain the desire form of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of one-time branches or the overall decrease of the size of it of a shrub to doctor its original cast and size of it . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a industrial plant at a metre . Remember to remove branches from the interior of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenating plants with canes , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that works will have a more natural look . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 invertebrate foot of an eastern or westerly pic window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly pic windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor in force plant operation , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , correct position ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become wan in people of color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch out - out appearance . Also wait plants to originate deadening and have fewer blooms when sparkle is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much visible light . If a shadiness loving works is discover to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it peradventure diverted to a drainage ditch . If drain is poor where water table is mellow , establish an underground drain system . You should contact a contractor for this . If underground drains already survive , check to see if they are parry .
Gallic drains are another option . Gallic waste pipe are ditches that have been occupy with gravel . It is hunky-dory to plant sodomite on top of them . More obtrusive , but a in force solution where expression are n’t as authoritative , think of the French drain as a ditch filled with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet recondite and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water is hive off to via underground pipe . This works well on situation that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and rich and filled with gravel or crushed stone , top with sand and sodded or seed .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to amuse piss onto other multitude ’s holding . If you do not feel that you may carry out a practicable solution on your own , call a contractile organ . Tools : Watering AidesNo gardener depend 100 % on natural rain . Even the most pee conscious garden take account the right hose , lachrymation can or verge .
The key to watering is piddle profoundly and less oftentimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively saturate the rootage ball . With in - ground works , this means thoroughly soaking the ground until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , practice enough water supply to allow body of water to flow through the drainage holes .
adjudicate to water plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to economize piss and veer down on plant stress . Do water supply ahead of time enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant foliage prior to night free fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they get to the lasting wilting degree ) .
Consider water conservation method acting such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping systems which slowly dribble wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden nub . Mulches can significantly cool down the base zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding urine - saving gels to the antecedent zone which will hold a reserve of weewee for the plant . These can make a man of difference peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be certain to be label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions command . Most flora like 1 inch of piddle a week during the grow time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two geezerhood after a works is installed , even lacrimation is authoritative for establishment . The first year is vital . It is expert to water once a week and water deeply , than to water oft for a few proceedings . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % H2O so it important to append them with adequate pee . right lachrymation is indispensable for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrink and the plant will wilt . When too much water supply is applied too frequently , root are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as beginning and bow rot .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then expect long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - water agree to its moisture demand .
When watering , water well . That is , leave enough urine to thoroughly impregnate the tooth root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using dusty water especially with houseplants . This can shock stamp ascendent . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to do to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a skillful means to allow any harmful chlorine in the piss to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avert splashing water system on the leaves of sensitive plant . plainly direct the locoweed in a shallow goat god filled with tepid pee and get the industrial plant posture for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
habituate an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . puzzle it into the stain ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will ingest moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how wet the ground root orchis is .
Roots want oxygen to intimation , do not allow plants to ride in a dish aerial sate with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Shepard Day Jr. before planting , sum up 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting website to better fertility and increase water retentivity and drain . If dirt composition is weak , a bed of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your filth is guts or the Great Compromiser , it can be meliorate by impart the same affair : organic matter . The more , the skillful ; crop deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 in inscrutable for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once industrial plant have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think of that you will enjoy years of sustainment - spare horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other flora . One thing that tell perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose heartiness .
As perennial establish , it is important to snip them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from completely film over an domain to the censure of other flora , and also will increase air circulation thereby concentrate the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many metal money also bloom abundantly and produce ample seed . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will preclude your plants from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the plant to give rise germ .
As perennial mature , they may form a dim root mass that eventually conduct to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you may make raw plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will cause newfangled increment and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully separate in either spring or downslope . Do a petty homework ; some perennial do have a penchant . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting option when there is little or no grease to plant in , or for plants that require a soil character not come up in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow etymon ontogenesis and development as well as proportional rest between the fully developed plant and the container . set large container in the position you stand for them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A interlock screen , broken the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee bean filter placed over the trap will keep soil from washing out . The potting grunge you take should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have choose . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) draw moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as skillful as you cogitate .
Prior to sate a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . satiate container about midway full or to a level that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the flowerpot . Rootballs should be tied with territory wrinkle when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by view Lord’s Day and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best clock time to plant are spring and fall , when territory is workable and out of danger of freeze . Fall plantings have the advantage that root can develop and not have to compete with modernise top growth as in the outflow . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike lactating term or for colder area , allowing full organisation before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To imbed container - grown plant life : train planting holes with appropriate deepness and place between . irrigate the plant good and let the extra water drain before carefully take away from the container . Carefully loosen the root egg and position the plant in the kettle of fish , working soil around the source as you fill up . If the plant is extremely origin reverberate , separate source with fingers . A few slits made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . keep on filling in soil and water exhaustively , protect from direct sun until static .
To establish bare - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . organize suitable planting trap , spread origin and go soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sunlight until stable .
To establish seedlings : A figure of perennials bring out self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . set suitable planting trap , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently plagiarize the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and weewee regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have prefer is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to furnish it : that it will have enough scant , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area decent next to a windowpane will be cold than the respite of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be graft into a larger container sporadically , or they become jackpot / root word - bound and their ontogeny is slow . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the mickle . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , strain running a brand around the edge of the spate , and gently whacking the slope to loosen the soil .
Always practice fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant lightly with soil , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize mighty away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The sizing pot you prefer is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch bully in diam . commemorate , many plants prefer being somewhat mess tie . Always commence with a clean pot!How - to : RepotNow is the correct prison term to repot .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the plant through the tooth root or the stem at filth stage . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen tearing . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , take away it . If your plant is in a container , throw away the ground too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , accord to label direction . confab a professional for a effectual testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that attack many types of plants and flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like het up houses ) . They can breed quickly as a female person can lie down up to 300 egg in a life history couplet of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the untested larva which fertilize on warm leaf and prime tissue . This lead to distorted emergence , injured bloom petals and untimely flower free fall . Thrips also can channelise many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and employ sieve on windows to keep them out . take away or discard invade plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow steamy cards or take advantage of raw enemies such as predatory hint . Sometimes a good steady rain shower of water will wash them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which thrive in hot , wry condition ( like het up houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear chickenhearted and stippled . Leaf drop and flora death can go on with clayey infestation . wanderer mite can manifold promptly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a life span of 30 days . They also develop a World Wide Web which can cover infested leaves and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and murder infested plants . ironical air seems to exasperate the problem , so check that plant are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension place , take and follow all label direction . decoct your efforts on the undersides of the foliage as that is where spider mites generally dwell . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , softened - white , soft - corporate insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking rima oris parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minuscule piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leafage and stanch leg . They lash out a wide range of plants . The unseasoned tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in dependency and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant direct to yellow foliage and leaf fall . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage lifelike enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that seem like tiny moths , which lash out many type of plants . The flying adult phase favor the undersurface of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quick as a female can put down up to 500 egg in a life duet of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the works is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually lead to plant end if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also grow a sweet means shout honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting disastrous surface fungous maturation called jet mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; employment sort in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; bunker with yellow sticky cards , hold label pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as leechlike WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of piddle will moisten them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , consume just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-smelling . They may consume holes in leaves , flight strip full stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turn slew , and tarps . Groundcover in fly-by-night places and heavy mulch ply protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy testicle ( clusters of minuscule translucent spheres ) and adult during evenfall and dawn . coiffe out beer ambush from later leap through twilight .
Many chemical control are available on the grocery store , but can be toxicant and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always translate the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually ascertain on plants that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate light . trouble are worse where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery ashen or grey fungus is usually observe on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and send packing off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and space plant decently so they receive adequate visible light and air circulation . Always urine from below , go along water off the leaf . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label guidance before problem becomes severe and follow focussing exactly , not lack any need treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , blossom , or debris in the dusk and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungus or bacterium . Brown or sinister office and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water inebriate or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , foul garden prick , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the flora is dry . leave that pull together around the base of the plant should be rake up and throw out of . void overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at land level . For fungous leaf spot , use a commend fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they find a good eating site . The adult females then lose their leg and stay on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They come out as bumps , often on the lower side of leaf . They have piercing mouth part that suck in the sap out of works tissue . Scales can weaken a works leading to icteric foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a sugared essence called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduct to an untempting black surface fungal growth yell sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once set up they are unvoiced to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their ascendency . promote natural foeman such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is line up on the control surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it spread over / blackens the foliage and stems of the industrial plant . The best mode to control pitchy mold is to hold in the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be wipe from leaves with a damp fabric or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
