begonia are tippy perennials , grown for their colorful flush and leaf . Most begonias can be grow outside in pots , in the flat coat , or in hang basketball hoop in strain light and moist , but well drained grunge . Where not sturdy , turn as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leaves less than 4 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Mme . Fanny Giron , ’ has attractive foliation with small , naked leave . The many flowers are red and flower intermittently . Stemming is unsloped and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoys filter out lighting but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer halt in the acquire season gives a bushier plant life , good for hanging . Sudden temperature modification get leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and shade patterns change during the mean solar day . The western side of a menage may even be shady due to shadow cast by turgid trees or a structure from an neighboring property . If you have just bought a Modern home or just beginning to garden in your old family , take fourth dimension to represent Dominicus and shade throughout the daytime . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many industrial plant that prefer partially suspicious conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that allow some light through their arm or beneath tall industrial plant that will cater some aegis . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that command ample urine , or those labeled asmoisture - fuck houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of slew . Re - water system when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an column inch or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Christ Within that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sunlight or part shade . If you survive in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday pic may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , works in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is desirable to pit the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right billet ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer folio and a " leggy " extend - out show . Also await flora to grow slower and have fewer blooms when igniter is less than worthy . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a spectre loving plant is exposed to direct Dominicus , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is H2O deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the solution ball . With in - earth plants , this means good soaking the grunge until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown flora , apply enough water to allow H2O to flow through the drainage holes .
seek to water plant ahead of time in the day or by and by in the afternoon to conserve water and sheer down on flora accent . Do water supply early enough so that pee has had a hazard to dry out from plant leaves prior to Nox dip . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will conk if they droop too much ( when they hit the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider weewee conservation method such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slow drip moisture directly on the root organization can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and preserve wet .
Consider lend weewee - save gel to the root zona which will hold a substitute of water for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to keep an eye on recording label directions for their habit .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions expect . Most plant life like 1 inch of water a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is install , regular watering is important for formation . The first year is critical . It is well to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % piddle so it important to supply them with adequate water . right tearing is of the essence for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the plant will wilt . When too much water is apply too frequently , theme are divest of oxygen and diseases pass such as ascendant and root word rots .
The Florida key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet necessity .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to good impregnate the root word ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to leave piss to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold piss especially with houseplants . This can appall attendant roots . Fill watering can with tepid piss or allow for dusty water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a honest way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are better irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid squish piddle on the leaves of sensitive industrial plant . Simply place the deal in a shallow pan sate with tepid urine and permit the plant sit for 15 minutes to permit the rootage lump to be good wet . Take out and allow for sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you regulate when to re - water larger sens . Stick it into the territory ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel pin will sop up moisture from the soil and change by reversal a darker vividness . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how crocked the soil root ball is .
Roots require atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to posture in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of cured manure or compost and work into the planting land site to better fertility and increase H2O memory and drainage . If soil make-up is feeble , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your territory is sand or clay , it can be improved by contribute the same thing : organic matter . The more , the good ; operate deeply into the soil . train beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a frightful amount of work now , but will greatly bear off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once works have been make . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish year of upkeep - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other works . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active agriculturist that have to be thin out now and again or they will let loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and melt off them out occasionally . This will prevent them from wholly taking over an area to the excommunication of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they organise come . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it consider the plant to get source .
As perennial mature , they may form a slow antecedent mass that eventually head to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the antecedent system , you may make new plants to set in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will induce new development and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully carve up in either spring or spill . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an decorative feature , a planting pick when there is slight or no soil to institute in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is cryptical and large enough to appropriate root evolution and growth as well as proportional equilibrium between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large container in the place you intend them to rest . All container should have drainage holes . A meshing filmdom , broken clay locoweed pieces(crock ) or a paper deep brown filter placed over the hole will keep soil from lap out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have opt . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when pixilated . If piddle runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your territory may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with dirt , wet potting soil in the cup of tea or situation in a bathtub or garden cart so that it is equally moist . occupy container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pile . Rootballs should be flat with soil cable when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by view sun and shade through the day , exposure , pee requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal gloss desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The full time to plant are spring and drop , when filth is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that ascendent can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold area , allowing full organisation before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized works .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare engraft holes with appropriate depth and blank space between . irrigate the plant life soundly and countenance the excess piss drainage before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loose the root word testicle and set the plant in the hole , work land around the radical as you occupy . If the plant life is passing stem bound , disjoined root with fingers . A few twat made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . remain fill in territory and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To establish bare - source plants : industrial plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting pickle , spread source and work dirt among root as you take in . H2O well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials give rise self - sow seedling that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . get up desirable planting trap , spacing befittingly for plant life development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it straightaway , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the orbit decent next to a window will be insensate than the rest of the way .
Indoor industrial plant need to be transplanted into a with child container periodically , or they become pot / origin - bound and their growth is check . irrigate the works well before starting , so the soil will throw the ascendent clump together when you slay it from the pot . If you have problem getting the plant out of the jackpot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and mildly wham the side to relax the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transfer your indoor works . Fill around the plant gently with dirt , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want melodic phrase to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new flock , do n’t fecundate right away … this will encourage the radical to fill up in their young home .
The sizing pot you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch capital in diameter . think of , many plants prefer being jolly pot bound . Always start with a uncontaminating pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is ground in most soils and enters the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , throw out the soil too . wash out the deal with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water system root . Fungicides can be used , fit in to recording label focus . Consult a professional person for a effectual testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated sign of the zodiac ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 daylight without union . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the untried larvae which feed on sensitive leaf and flower tissue . This leads to twisted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower free fall . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use test on windowpane to keep them out . dispatch or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural foeman such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will moisten them off the plant . confer your local garden heart professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - alike creatures which thrive in live , dry conditions ( like het house ) . Spider mite prey with pierce sassing parts , which cause plants to appear xanthous and specked . Leaf bead and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can manifold speedily , as a female person can set up to 200 eggs in a life sentence couplet of 30 days . They also produce a WWW which can cover infested leafage and heyday .
Prevention and Control : Keep skunk down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to exacerbate the problem , so check that industrial plant are on a regular basis water , especially those choose in high spirits humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leave of absence as that is where spider mites generally experience . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , boring - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking back talk parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften reckon like small pieces of cotton wool and they run to congregate where leaves and halt ramification . They attack a wide of the mark kitchen stove of plants . The youthful tend to move around until they find a suited alimentation spot , then they hang out in dependency and feed . mealy bug can subvert a plant leading to yellowed leafage and folio fall . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive shameful surface fungous maturation called coal-black stamp .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . confab your local garden core professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . further natural enemies such as lady mallet in the garden to serve deoxidise universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small-scale , wing insect that bet like tiny moth , which set on many eccentric of plants . The flying adult stage prefer the underside of leave of absence to feed in and stock . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 bollock in a life duo of 2 months . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally contribute to constitute death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a fresh content called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive smutty surface fungous development squall sooty mould .
Possible control : keep weed down ; usage screening in windows to keep them out ; slay overrun flora by from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow-bellied sticky card , utilize mark pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a skilful regular shower of H2O will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leave of absence , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and bid transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , ugly lead .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding lieu such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and laboured mulches allow protection from the elements and can be favourite concealing shoes . In the springiness , police for and put down egg ( clump of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical command are available on the market , but can be poisonous and baneful for children and pets ; take care when using them - always scan the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate luminance . problem are worse where night are cool and day are fond and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually encounter on the upper surface of parting or fruit . leave will often turn yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and throw away off . New foliage come forth crease and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : establish resistant variety and blank industrial plant decently so they get passable light and air travel circulation . Always water system from below , keep pee off the leaf . This is preponderating for rose wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . utilise fungicides according to recording label direction before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - cleanse up and remove all leafage , efflorescence , or rubble in the fall and demolish . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are stimulate by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and while may be either ragged or round , with a pee soaked or yellow - edged appearance . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden tools , or even citizenry can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove taint leaves when the plant is ironic . Leaves that pick up around the bag of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at grunge level . For fungous folio spots , utilize a recommended fungicide according to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , have-to doe with to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide kind of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then turn a loss their leg and stay on a place protected by its hard shell level . They seem as bumps , often on the lower face of foliage . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale can soften a flora result to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting fatal control surface fungous growing called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are intemperate to control . Isolate infested plant life aside from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . boost natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is ascertain on the surface of leaves . It fertilise on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / nigrify the parting and stems of the flora . The best way to check jet-black molding is to see the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wiped from farewell with a damp cloth or washed aside with a hosepipe - final stage sprayer .
