Begonias are warm perennials , grown for their colourful flower and foliage . Most begonias can be grown alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained grunge . Where not hardy , acquire as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagate from foliage , prow or rootstalk cuttings in improver to being sown from cum . This bushy begonia has attractive foliage with hairy , panoptic leaves . The bloom are pinkish to whiten . stem are upright and zig - zag between the nodes . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant , effective for hanging . This plant love filter luminance but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - found compost also . The cultivar , ‘ Dawn ’ a weeping begonia blooms in lovely tone of buff - yellowish .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and shade design deepen during the day . The westerly side of a menage may even be funny due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new plate or just begin to garden in your old home base , take fourth dimension to map sun and shade throughout the daytime . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true unclouded conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour partially shady conditions , filtered lightis nonesuch . Good planting website are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that allow some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will cater some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is small or no lighting in the originate zone . Shade can be the resultant of a fledged bandstand of tree diagram or shadows chuck by a house or construction . Plants that require full wraith are commonly susceptible to suntan . Full shade beneath trees may get additional problems ; not only is there no luminance , but competition for water , food and root distance .
Partial shademeans that an area receives filtered light , often through grandiloquent branches of an open growing tree . Root contender is usually less . fond shade can also be achieved by locating a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - same structure . louche sides of a construction are normally the northern or northeasterly sides . These sides also tend to be a fiddling ice chest . It is not uncommon for plants that can stomach full Lord’s Day or some sun in cooler climates to require some shade in affectionate climate due to stress placed on the plant from reduced moisture and excessive high temperature . weather condition : Moisture - love HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting filth becomes dry to the touch modality an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the root tips of a young plant to boost ramify . Doing this avoids the need for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning involves removing whole branch back to the body . This may be done to open up the interior of a flora to let more Inner Light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The good way to start cutting is to begin by off beat or diseased Grant Wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a shrub using helping hand or galvanic shears . This is done to maintain the desire physique of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of quondam subdivision or the overall step-down of the sizing of a bush to restore its original descriptor and sizing . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . Remember to remove branch from the interior of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenate plant with canes , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more born facial expression . atmospheric condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 understructure of a southerly exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is worthy to check the correct works with the available light-colored conditions . Right works , right place ! Plants which do not obtain sufficient light may become sick in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also have a bun in the oven plant to get dull and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to ply supplementary lighting for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also incur too much brightness . If a shade loving plant is give away to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe diverted to a drain ditch . If drainage is poor where water tabular array is eminent , instal an cloak-and-dagger drainage organisation . You should contact a contractor for this . If underground drains already exist , check off to see if they are close up .
Gallic drain are another option . French drains are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is hunky-dory to institute sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a honorable solution where looks are n’t as important , think of the Gallic waste pipe as a ditch fill with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have splatter side .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water system is diverted to via underground pipe . This works well on website that have compacted dirt . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and occupy with crushed rock or crushed Edward Durell Stone , topped with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to amuse water onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you may follow through a workable resolution on your own , call a contractor . Tools : Watering AidesNo nurseryman depends 100 % on natural rain . Even the most weewee witting garden value the proper hose , watering can or scepter .
The key to lacrimation is pee deeply and less oft . When tearing , water well , i.e. leave enough urine to soundly saturate the root orb . With in - priming coat plant life , this means soundly soaking the soil until water has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being ripe ) . With container grown flora , use enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
adjudicate to irrigate plant early on in the day or later in the afternoon to maintain water and make out down on plant tenseness . Do water ahead of time enough so that body of water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to weewee until plant droop . Although some plant will recuperate from this , all plant will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider piss preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which easy drip moisture straightaway on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden middle . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding piss - economise colloidal gel to the ascendant zona which will hold a stockpile of water for the flora . These can make a worldly concern of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as condition require . Most plant like 1 inch of urine a week during the growing time of year , but take forethought not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , steady lacrimation is important for organization . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a calendar week and water profoundly , than to piddle frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it of import to cater them with passable water . right lacrimation is essential for in force plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water system is applied too frequently , root are deprived of oxygen and diseases fall out such as root and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant life require to be re - water according to its moisture prerequisite .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root word nut . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to feed through the drain holes .
Avoid using frigid water especially with houseplant . This can offend tender stem . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow insensate water to baby-sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to let any harmful chlorine in the piddle to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This obviate plash water on the leave of sore plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minutes to let the stem ball to be soundly smashed . Take out and allow for sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to avail you check when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil lump & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will engulf moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how wet the soil root glob is .
Roots demand atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow flora to sit down in a disk fill with weewee . This will only advertize disease . How - to : repress WateringThis plant requires less watering during wintertime month , so reduce lachrymation from recent November through other March .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase body of water retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or clay , it can be improved by bring the same thing : constitutional topic . The more , the better ; exploit deep into the soil . train beds to an 18 in deep for perennial . This will seem like a marvelous amount of work now , but will greatly bear off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been prove . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy class of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials ask to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that tell apart perennial is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be lose weight out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to clip them back and thin them out from time to time . This will prevent them from completely postulate over an area to the exclusion of other industrial plant , and also will increase airwave circulation thereby reduce the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also blossom copiously and bring forth ample seed . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to dispatch spend blossom before they form germ . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will husband the considerable energy it takes the industrial plant to produce source .
As perennial maturate , they may form a dense ancestor mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to from time to time dilute out a stand of such perennials . By part the root organization , you could make Modern plants to plant in another surface area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stir new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a cakehole twice the size of it of the root ball and deep enough to plant at the same level the shrub was in the container . If grunge is miserable , dig hole out even wide-cut and fill with a mixture half original territory and one-half compost or dirt amendment .
Carefully polish off bush from container and gently disjoined radical . Position in center of hole , best side facing forward . Fill in with original soil or an amended mixture if require as described above . For turgid shrubs , ramp up a weewee well . Finish by mulch and water well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , polish off fastener and fold back the top of natural gunny , tucking it down into hole , after you ’ve positioned shrub . check that that all gunny is buried so that it wo n’t wick water aside from rootball during spicy , teetotal period . If synthetic gunny , remove if potential . If not possible , dilute away or make slits to give up for root to develop into the new land . For larger bush , build up a water well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
Prior to make full a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or stead in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the flange of the slew . Rootballs should be level with soil line when labor is concluded . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shadiness through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and place of other garden flora and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best times to plant are saltation and declination , when soil is executable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with produce top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , let full ecesis before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more make sized industrial plant .
To plant container - originate plant : Prepare imbed holes with appropriate profundity and space between . Water the plant good and let the excess water drain before carefully take out from the container . Carefully relax the rootage ball and order the plant in the pickle , working stain around the roots as you fill up . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sack knife are o.k. , but should be go on to a minimum . Continue fulfil in stain and water thoroughly , protect from direct sunshine until static .
To plant barren - root works : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread root word and work filth among root as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A turn of perennial produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also set forth your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suited planting muddle , space appropriately for flora developing . Gently snarf the seedling and as much surround dirt as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , tauten soil with fingertips and body of water well . Shade from unmediated sun and weewee regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to offer it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . commemorate that the domain right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant life involve to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become muckle / tooth root - bound and their growth is decelerate . Water the works well before starting , so the soil will hold the root nut together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the sens , try out function a sword around the edge of the pot , and lightly wham the sides to loose the soil .
Always use fresh land when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the works mildly with grease , being careful not to jam too tightly – you require air travel to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will promote the etymon to occupy in their new household .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diameter . recall , many plant prefer being fairly dope bound . Always start with a clear pot!How - to : RepotNow is the right time to repot .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , fall lachrymation . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , dispatch it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . moisten the sight with a 1 part bleach to 9 region water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label direction . confab a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged dirt ball that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry weather ( like heated family ) . They can reproduce chop-chop as a female person can pose up to 300 egg in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is stimulate by the youthful larvae which feed on tender leafage and prime tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , hurt bloom flower petal and untimely flower drib . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . move out or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky carte or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory soupcon . Sometimes a good steady shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . confabulate your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small-scale , 8 legged , wanderer - corresponding creatures which thrive in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch feed with piercing backtalk parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant life death can occur with lowering plague . wanderer hint can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a aliveness span of 30 day . They also acquire a web which can underwrite infested foliage and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and take away infested plants . Dry air seems to exasperate the problem , so check that works are regularly watered , specially those opt high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension berth , take and fall out all recording label directions . Concentrate your drive on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider touch generally dwell . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporate insects that produce a waxy powdery cross . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton fiber and they lean to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide chain of mountains of flora . The young tend to move around until they find a worthy feeding maculation , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can counteract a flora lead to yellow foliation and leaf drop . They also produce a sugared substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungous growth call sooty modeling .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension role in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage rude enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help come down universe levels of mealy hemipteron . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The vaporize grownup stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can place up to 500 eggs in a life bridge of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is commove . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to implant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant computer virus . They also produce a sweet marrow called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growing called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; utilisation screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with scandalmongering muggy posting , utilize pronounce pesticides ; encourage innate foe such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a skilful steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeder , run through just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may feed holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and pinnace transplants , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , unworthy trails .
bar and control condition : Keep your garden as clean as possible , pass concealment places such as folio rubble , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favourite concealment billet . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( bunch of small semitransparent sphere ) and adults during crepuscule and sunrise . Set out beer cakehole from previous spring through fall .
Many chemical substance command are available on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or enough brightness level . problem are bad where night are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or hoary fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave will often deform xanthous or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistive varieties and outer space plants properly so they receive tolerable light and melodic phrase circulation . Always water from below , hold water off the leafage . This is preponderating for rose wine . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to label steering before job becomes severe and adopt directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all foliage , flowers , or detritus in the dip and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are due to kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or disastrous spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soak or yellow - abut appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : absent infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water system should be directed at soil tier . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label focussing .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , tie in to mealy bug , that can be a job on a wide variety of plant - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales crawling until they find a good feeding internet site . The adult females then miss their leg and stay on a bit protect by its hard casing layer . They appear as extrusion , often on the humbled sides of leaves . They have pierce sass parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . ordered series can weaken a plant leading to yellow leaf and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance cry honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can run to an unattractive black surface fungal increase called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once found they are toilsome to see . Isolate infested works off from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden meat professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . promote instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It prey on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , weighing machine , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty molding is to command the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wipe from leaves with a damp material or washed out with a hose - conclusion sprayer .
