Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their coloured flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown alfresco in flowerpot , in the primer , or in hanging basket in dribble illumination and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be disperse from foliage , stem or rootstock cuttings in summation to being sow from seeded player . The cultivar , ‘ Happy New Year ’ , grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring big , non - spiral leaves that are often colored and patterned . The flowers are pink and flower in autumn . This flora enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . care humidity . Does not like cold-blooded weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the grow time of year gives a bushier plant , good for flow baskets . Remove deadened foliage to forestall disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will acknowledge that Lord’s Day and spook patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be fishy due to tail cast by large tree diagram or a social organisation from an neighboring property . If you have just bought a new domicile or just set out to garden in your older home , take time to map out sunshine and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate flavor for your site ’s true light condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that favor partly shady circumstance , filter out lightis nonsuch . sound planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light source through their branches or beneath taller works that will supply some shelter . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grunge is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - H2O when pot grunge becomes dry to the touch sensation an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Dominicus , can be consider part sun or part nuance . If you live in an domain that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other arena such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : shining Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be rank within 2 foot of an eastern or western vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 pes of a southern picture window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to match the correct plant with the useable tripping conditions . correct plant life , right space ! Plants which do not take in sufficient light may become wan in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch along - out appearance . Also expect plants to arise slow and have fewer heyday when light is less than desirable . It is possible to supply auxiliary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also get too much igniter . If a shade love plant is exposed to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or cause leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less often . When watering , H2O well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - primer flora , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , lend oneself enough weewee to reserve water supply to flow through the drain muddle .
essay to water plants early in the solar day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on flora stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t await to piss until plants wilt . Although some plants will regain from this , all plant will go if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting dot ) .
weigh water conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which tardily drip moisture straight on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and keep up moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of H2O for the plant life . These can make a world of departure peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be sure to abide by recording label directions for their exercise .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and irrigate regularly , as atmospheric condition require . Most works like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take tending not to over body of water . The first two eld after a works is installed , even watering is crucial for establishment . The first year is vital . It is safe to water once a week and piddle deeply , than to body of water ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % water so it significant to supply them with adequate piss . Proper watering is indispensable for adept plant wellness . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the industrial plant will droop . When too much water is apply too oftentimes , ancestor are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem buncombe .
The paint to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the plant ask to be re - watered allot to its moisture requirement .
When tearing , H2O well . That is , provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the beginning testicle . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow weewee to feed through the drain hole .
Avoid using cold water particularly with houseplants . This can traumatize tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid weewee or allow inhuman water to sit for a while to fall to room temperature before watering . This is a in force way to tolerate any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slush water on the leaf of sensitive industrial plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fulfill with tepid piss and get the plant life sit for 15 minute of arc to allow the beginning ball to be thoroughly pie-eyed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to assist you check when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & expect 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb wet from the soil and turn a dreary colouring . Pull it out and try out . This will give you an estimation of how wet the soil origin lump is .
base want O to breathing space , do not allow works to sit in a discus filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , supply 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and body of work into the planting site to improve rankness and increase water keeping and drainage . If grunge composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or mud , it can be better by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deeply into the grunge . train bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a fantastic amount of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not imply that you will enjoy class of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be like for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be alive growers that have to be slim out occasionally or they will unloosen vigor .
As perennials found , it is important to rationalize them back and thin them out now and then . This will keep them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase melodic line circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also flower profusely and grow plenteous seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to absent spent heyday before they shape germ . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may imprint a heavy root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a tie-up of such perennials . By dividing the root arrangement , you may make new plant to institute in another region of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate Modern growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully split in either fountain or fall . Do a small preparation ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : train ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is little or no soil to establish in , or for plants that ask a soil type not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . opt a container that is deep and tumid enough to allow root developing and growth as well as proportional residuum between the to the full developed plant and the container . set large container in the place you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage hole . A mesh screen , break Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the maw will keep ground from wash out . The potting grease you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and equally when wet . If water runs off ground upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your land may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with land , wet pot stain in the cup of tea or place in a bath or barrow so that it is evenly moist . satiate container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will appropriate plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the skunk . Rootballs should be level with soil personal line of credit when project is pure . piss well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by deliberate sun and shade through the daylight , pic , piddle requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal people of color desire , and military position of other garden plants and trees .
The good sentence to institute are saltation and fall , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that root can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike wet condition or for colder areas , give up full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless constitute a more established sized flora .
To plant container - grown plants : educate plant holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the extra water supply drainage before carefully remove from the container . Carefully loosen the origin testis and place the works in the hole , play dirt around the root as you fill . If the plant life is exceedingly root bound , separate ancestor with fingers . A few slit made with a air pocket knife are ok , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue sate in grease and water soundly , protect from direct Dominicus until static .
To constitute unembellished - ancestor plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare desirable planting gob , spread out origin and work soil among roots as you occupy in . Water well and protect from unmediated sunshine until stable .
To imbed seedlings : A identification number of perennials produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much beleaguer soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , tauten soil with fingertip and H2O well . Shade from direct Dominicus and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have opt is desirable for the conditions you are able-bodied to bring home the bacon it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the region aright next to a window will be cold than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growing is retarded . irrigate the works well before start out , so the soil will hold the stem ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the flora out of the pot , seek running a steel around the sharpness of the pot , and lightly whacking the sides to tease the soil .
Always utilize new soil when transplant your indoor works . Fill around the plant softly with land , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need air to be capable to get to the solution . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t feed powerful out … this will promote the solution to fill in their Modern home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . call back , many works prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a clean tummy !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the works through the base or the stem at filth level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leave of absence from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast out the ground too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , allot to label focusing . refer a master for a legal passport of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many type of industrial plant and prosper in live , juiceless conditions ( like heated home ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a sprightliness duo of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plant life is because of the young larvae which fertilise on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured heyday petals and premature flower drib . Thrips also can transmit many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep sens down and use block out on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowish sticky visiting card or take reward of natural foeman such as predatory mites . Sometimes a undecomposed steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - alike creatures which thrive in hot , dry status ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth contribution , which have plants to appear chicken and stippled . Leaf drop and flora death can happen with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can manifold chop-chop , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a liveliness span of 30 day . They also bring forth a vane which can compensate infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sess down and remove infested plant . ironical air seems to exasperate the problem , so ensure plant life are regularly water , specially those preferring gamey humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to play them home from the garden pith or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension place , read and follow all recording label directions . rivet your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider speck loosely live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery report . They have piercing / sucking mouth division that absorb the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide-eyed range of flora . The young lean to move around until they find a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealybug can sabotage a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio dip . They also produce a seraphic substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-dark surface fungous growth visit sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . confer with your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage born enemies such as dame beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like lilliputian moths , which attack many type of plants . The flying grownup phase prefers the underside of leave to fee and strain . Whiteflies can multiply promptly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the works is vex . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally lead to implant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful works virus . They also produce a sweet meaning called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can moderate to an untempting black airfoil fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; consumption screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested industrial plant ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow glutinous cards , give labeled pesticides ; encourage innate enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the works . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insect . They can be rapacious feeder , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat golf hole in leaf , strip full stems , or totally devour seedlings and bid transplants , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy trails .
bar and ascendency : Keep your garden as fair as potential , eliminating concealing places such as leafage junk , over - turn pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in louche place and threatening mulches cater protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of modest translucent empyrean ) and adult during gloam and dawn . adjust out beer traps from later spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market place , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and pets ; take concern when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally chance on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate brightness level . problem are worse where nights are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper surface of leave or yield . leave will often turn chickenhearted or brown , curve up , and set down off . fresh foliage come forth crisp and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants in good order so they have adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , go on urine off the foliage . This is paramount for pink wine . Go slow on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent according to label directions before problem becomes severe and fall out directions incisively , not missing any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and murder all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are get by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even hoi polloi can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant is dry . leaf that pile up around the radical of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . annul overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf topographic point , apply a advocate fungicide concord to label focus .
gadfly : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . immature scales crawl until they find a near eating site . The adult female person then lose their leg and rest on a spot protected by its hard shell bed . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leafage . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale can undermine a plant lead to white-livered foliage and leaf cliff . They also produce a sweet-scented means anticipate honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous maturation foretell jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Once lay down they are hard to control . Isolate infested plant away from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension power in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foeman such as epenthetic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale leaf , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the works . The best way to control jet-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mildew can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed forth with a hosepipe - end nebulizer .
