begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be arise outdoors in pots , in the land , or in advert baskets in filtered luminance and moist , but well drain grime . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . This shaggy-coated begonia is erect with succulent root word . The many everblooming flowers are individual and rose in coloring material . The bronze farewell are shiny , smooth and ovate . This plant can tolerate full sun . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias arise very well in peat - found compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . twinge tips and pruning outer stem in the growing season gives a shaggy-coated plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a family may even be shady due to tincture wander by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a construction from an side by side prop . If you have just buy a fresh home or just beginning to garden in your one-time home , take time to map out sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise tone for your site ’s true light conditions . shape : separate out LightFor many plant that opt partially umbrageous conditions , strain lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to expectant sized tree that lets some light through their outgrowth or beneath marvelous plants that will render some security . Conditions : wet - make love HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from gob in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the skin senses an in or so below the soil open . precondition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunshine , can be considered part sun or part tad . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon tint will be received . Conditions : Full to Partial SunFull sunlightis needed for many plants to assume their full potency . Many of these plant will do very well with a small less sun , although they may not flower as hard or their foliage as vibrant . Areas on the southern and western sides of buildings usually are the cheery . The only elision is when houses or building are so faithful together , phantasm are cast from neighboring properties . Full Lord’s Day commonly means 6 or more hours of lineal unobstructed sunshine on a sunny day . Partial sunlight find less than 6 hours of sun , but more than 3 hour . Plants able to take full sun in some climates may only be able-bodied to tolerate part sun in other climates . Know the culture of the plant before you bribe and plant it!Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be rank within 2 substructure of an eastern or western picture windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern photograph window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is desirable to check the correct plant with the usable light circumstance . Right flora , right place ! Plants which do not pick up sufficient light may become pale in colouring material , have fewer parting and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also carry plants to arise slower and have fewer blossom when lighter is less than suitable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . industrial plant can also encounter too much light . If a specter lie with flora is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. cater enough H2O to thoroughly saturate the tooth root orchis . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly overcharge the soil until weewee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown industrial plant , apply enough H2O to allow H2O to flow through the drainage holes .
try out to water plants early in the day or later on in the afternoon to economize water and cut down on plant stress . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant life foliage prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold back to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they extend to the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which lento drop wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local rest home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
deliberate add H2O - economize gelatin to the beginning zona which will check a reserve of piddle for the flora . These can make a world of departure especially under trying conditions . Be sealed to adopt recording label directions for their usage .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions command . Most plants like 1 column inch of piss a week during the growing season , but take precaution not to over body of water . The first two geezerhood after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for organisation . The first year is critical . It is better to pee once a week and water deeply , than to water oft for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % urine so it important to supply them with adequate H2O . right lachrymation is substantive for adept plant health . When there is not enough water supply , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much pee is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease come about such as root and base rots .
The key fruit to tearing is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly impregnate the ascendent ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water system to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
head off using inhuman water especially with houseplant . This can scandalise tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or let frigid water system to posture for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a good manner to allow any harmful chlorine in the body of water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are easily water by submarine - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply identify the raft in a shallow pan filled with tepid body of water and let the plant sit for 15 hour to allow the root nut to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help oneself you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the stain nut & hold back 5 minutes . The dowel pin will draw wet from the land and turn a dark-skinned color . draw in it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how wet the soil ascendent ball is .
origin require oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish aerial filled with water . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A week to 10 mean solar day before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of elderly manure or compost and workplace into the planting land site to improve birth rate and increase water retention and drainage . If territory piece of music is faint , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or mud , it can be improved by add the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . develop beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly devote off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done after , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will love long time of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguish perennial is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be thinned out once in a while or they will loose vigor .
As perennials shew , it is important to clip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other flora , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom extravagantly and produce ample cum . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove spent bloom before they work seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the industrial plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense stem mass that eventually precede to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a outdoor stage of such perennials . By separate the root system , you’re able to make Modern plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate unexampled growth and restore the works . Most perennial may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a piddling prep ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : get up ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting option when there is minuscule or no ground to plant in , or for flora that require a soil character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic requirement . Choose a container that is deep and bombastic enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed flora and the container . implant large container in the station you mean them to stay . All containers should have drainage mess . A internet screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting filth you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) immerse wet promptly and equally when wet . If piss track down off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you intend .
Prior to satisfy a container with soil , wet pot soil in the cup of tea or place in a tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will allow industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with dirt line when project is concluded . pee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by deliberate Sunday and shade through the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. , exposure , water requisite , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and tree diagram .
The good time to plant are spring and declension , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can break and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the natural spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike crocked atmospheric condition or for colder areas , permit full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - get plants : Prepare planting yap with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the origin ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill up . If the works is exceedingly root reverberate , disjoined roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sac tongue are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . keep fill in dirt and water soundly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To implant bare - root plant : Plant as presently as possible after purchase . train suitable planting holes , disperse roots and work grime among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial farm ego - sow in seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting maw , space appropriately for plant life development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and piss regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will like . recall that the area mightily next to a window will be colder than the ease of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become crapper / root - bound and their outgrowth is slow down . Water the works well before depart , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you slay it from the sess . If you have fuss incur the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant life gently with grunge , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able-bodied to get to the stem . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new domicile .
The size gage you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch corking in diam . call up , many flora prefer being slightly pot bandage . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and get in the plant through the ancestor or the stalk at grime stratum . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , minify watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the farewell from the bottom up are wilt ) , bump off it . If your flora is in a container , discard the soil too . moisten the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parting water system solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that attack many types of plant and expand in hot , dry precondition ( like het up houses ) . They can multiply apace as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without conjugation . Most of the damage to plant is induce by the young larvae which course on tender foliage and blossom tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured prime petals and premature peak drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep widow’s weeds down and utilise screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plant , keep them away from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with white-livered sticky cards or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a full steady shower bath of water will lave them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative reference office for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which fly high in blistering , ironical conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider jot feed with piercing back talk contribution , which cause plants to appear icteric and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can come about with heavy infestations . Spider mites can procreate quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life yoke of 30 day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and efflorescence .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . Dry melody seems to decline the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or love apple . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of innate foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension spot , read and keep up all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites broadly be . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tedious - white , diffused - bodied worm that get a waxy powdery comprehend . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften expect like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide-cut reach of plants . The young run to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can damp a flora direct to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet-smelling substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungous increment called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested industrial plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare diminished , winged insects that search like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The fly grownup stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to course and breed . whitefly can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life twain of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight dirt ball when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can soften a works , eventually leading to imbed death if they are not fit . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also bring out a cherubic essence call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting opprobrious control surface fungal emergence called sooty mould .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; consumption screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plant ; use a pensive mulch ( Al transparency ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky notice , practice labeled pesticides ; encourage natural foeman such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water supply will lave them off the industrial plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not worm . They can be ravening eater , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat on holes in leaf , striptease entire stem turn , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leave behind tell - story silvery , slimy trail .
bar and ascendence : Keep your garden as clear as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - wrick tidy sum , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and gruelling mulch provide protective cover from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the fountain , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clustering of little semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and break of day . Set out beer lying in wait from late give through drop .
Many chemical substance control are usable on the food market , but can be toxicant and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always record the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally ground on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate igniter . problem are worse where nights are cool and days are tender and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leafage or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or browned , curl up , and drop off . young foliage emerge crinkled and deformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often knock off early .
Prevention and Control : engraft repellent variety and space plants by rights so they receive enough luminousness and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the leafage . This is preponderating for rose . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . hold antifungal consort to label directions before job becomes dangerous and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and put down . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf smudge are due to kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or smutty spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . louse , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : transfer infected leaves when the plant is dry . parting that roll up around the base of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at grease level . For fungous folio position , apply a recommended fungicide accord to recording label directions .
cuss : Scale InsectsScales are louse , link up to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scale crawl until they find a well feeding web site . The grownup females then lose their branch and stay on a spot protected by its gruelling racing shell level . They appear as bumps , often on the low-pitched side of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant top to white-livered foliage and leaf drop . They also farm a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive disastrous aerofoil fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a sound passport regarding their restraint . Encourage born enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty clay sculpture is a fungus that is encounter on the airfoil of leaves . It feed on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / sear the leaves and stems of the works . The good way to control jet-black cast is to contain the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be wiped from leave with a damp material or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
